They are the largest ethnic group in ethiopia and represent 34. Nevertheless, the oromo is the one that developed the system into a more complex institution asmarom, 2000. Pdf the oromo, gadaasiqqee democracy and the liberation. Historically, afaan oromo speaking people used their own gadaa system of governance. It assesses the indigenous gadaa system peace concept and culture, identify its peace.
The system regulates political, economic, social and religious activities of the community. The masai, the gedeo, nandi and konso are said to have adopted their gadaa system from the oromo beckingham and hunting ford, 1954. Oct 29, 2019 oromo society was structured in accordance with this gada system. The original homeland of the oromo people is east africa,oromia. Waaqeffannaa original oromo religion and means believing in or. The gada system is a democratic system of governance in which the community as a whole has the opportunities to participate on equal basis. The gada system distributes power across generations and down to community members and creates strong link between successive generations. The oromo society was structured into two distinct but crosscutting system. In sum, three main reasons support the approach of this study. Asmerom legesse to take an indigenous sociopolitical organization of the oromo people, via the gada system, and reflect that africans can draw great lessons in developing modern democratic political systems befitting to their current need instead of blindly borrowing western democracy concepts that could more often than not remain alien in addressing. It is a welldeveloped agebased grouping up on which the religious, political, economic and.
In this institution, women have their own role and status in the political, social and economic affairs of the oromo society. Oromia, ethiopia, oromo boranaarsiguji, afroasiatic. Oromo philosophy, art and calendar are based on gada as an expression of oromo civilization. Was it a system used through out oromia or was it prevalent in one region of oromia the gada system spread with the migration and intermingle of the oromo. Sep 19, 2011 the old aged and peculiar oromo tradition, the gada system, is still functional and practiced by the guji oromo. The regional state of oromia is located between 3 and 15 degrees north latitude, and 33 and 40 degrees east latitude. The objective of this study is to examine the role of women among tulama oromo of. The oromo gada system seems to be uncommon among oromo in other parts of the country. Gada is organized into five classes taught by oral historians, with each having to progress through a series of grades before it can take the leadership.
The gada system is a class system that succeeds each other every eight years in assuming politico military administration, economic management and other social activities. The system has long been practiced by the borena, guji, karayu, tulama, arsi, ittu, humbana, afran qallo, akichu, macha, and gabra clans of the oromo nation. Was it a system used through out oromia or was it prevalent in one region of oromia only. The old aged and peculiar oromo tradition, the gada system, is still functional and practiced by the guji oromo. There are still some elements of these values and traditions in oromo society. All activities and life of each and every member of the oromo was guided by an egalitarian socio economic and political structure of the society called the gada system. You can use them to display text, links, images, html, or a combination of these. The gada system is a very huge and complex social institution in which the traditional oromo people manage their socio political and religious practices. Oromo society was structured in accordance with this gada system.
The effects of state terrorism and globalization in oromia and ethiopia paper presented at the conference on new directions in critical criminology, university of tennessee, knoxville, tennessee, may 6. By gemechu kedir oromo elites, abba gadaa father of gadaa, historians most often say that it is impossible to know about oromos background without understanding the ruling scheme of the gadaa system. The gada system is largely practised by the oromo people. It is created to organise and coordinate research activity of the organisation. However, the guji and borana oromos have kept the gada institution and its rituals fresh with its flavor. Oromo society and show the viability of values of gadaa in democratic culture. The gadaa assembly takes place under a sycamore tree, symbolically representing its emphasis on dialogue and consensus. The purpose of this study is to add to recent calls to develop indigenous knowledge of peace system and culture development to promote culture of peace in africa. Normative and institutional set up 27 6 formal criminal justice system in ethiopia 34. Borana speak afan oromo oromo language, a language in the eastern cushite. The objective of this study is to examine the role of women among tulama oromo of ilu. Gada system rightly famous for being the few, if not the only oromo society in which gada system remain virtually intact. Oromo elites, abba gadaa father of gadaa, historians most often say that it is the gada system is largely practised by the oromo people.
The gada system and the oromos ethiopia culture of peace. Gadaa system is a special sociopolitical organization of. The following map of the regional state of oromia shows. Gada is an indigenous institution that incorporates political, social and economic issues of the oromo. The gada system and the oromos ethiopia culture of peace aliye. Gada is a traditional system of governance used by the oromo people in ethiopia developed from knowledge gained by community experience over generations. On the other hand, it is said that the system spread to nilohamites and the bantu from the oromo. Gada system, an indigenous democratic sociopolitical system. The gada system comprised eleven age groups, based on eightyear increments, and however, since 1960s in africa. Asmerom legesse to take an indigenous sociopolitical organization of the oromo people, via the gada system, and reflect that africans can draw great lessons in developing modern democratic political systems befitting to their current need instead of blindly borrowing western democracy concepts that.
This begins when sons join the system as members of gada class generation class or set forty. The oromo recognized the gadaa system as part of their cultural heritage and as a contemporary system of governance that functions in concert with the modern state system. The oromo, gadaasiqqee democracy and the liberation of ethiopian colonial subjects asafa jalata harwood schaffer abstract this paper explores the potential role of the gadaasiqqee system of oromo democracy in the development of a democratic multinational liberation movement of the colonized nations within. The gadaa system is an indigenous egalitarian democratic system practised among the oromo nation of east africa. Gada system, an indigenous democratic sociopolitical. In this area, the gadaa system of governance is still active as compared with that in other areas of the regional state. In fact, many scholars have given various explanations of gadaa system. Doc unique features of oromo gada governance system. Gadaa indigenous democracy, oromia, oromooromummaa, ethiopian colonial. Oct 15, 2019 the oromo recognized the gadaa system as part of their cultural heritage and as a contemporary system of governance that functions in concert with the modern state system. Generally speaking, gadaa is a broad concept, and it is a system that consists a number of institutions, concepts, values and knowledge in it. The oromo, gadaasiqqee democracy and the liberation of ethiopian colonial subjects asafa jalata harwood schaffer abstract this paper explores the potential role of the gadaasiqqee system of oromo democracy in the. Unique features of oromo gada governance system compiled and prepared by endale alemu hora ma student in leadership and good governance ba in. Indigenous mechanisms of preserving sacred natural sites in.
Ethiopian journal of the social sciences and humanities. Gadaa system afaan oromo online marsariitii barnoota. By holistic system, it means that no elements of gada system can exist apart from the system in which the stands for the common values of the people in terms of political, economic, cultural, spiritual, social and administrative processes. This study deals with the role of women in gada system in tulama oromo of ilu. Gadaa oromo democracy tennessee research and creative. An oromo cannot imagine functioning as a human being or living in a community apart from rules of behaviour preserved and protected in the gada system. Unesco gada system, an indigenous democratic socio. Gada system can be also defined as a holistic system that affects every aspect of oromo lives. The interest of legesses book is that he proposes a solution to this problem for the gada system of the borana galla, and it is upon this aspect of his book that i intend concentrating here. Under gadaa, every eight years, the oromo would choose by consensus nine leaders. Jan 01, 2019 gada system oromo pdf 18 nov oromos meeting to discuss social affairs under the shades of an odaa oromo society was structured in accordance with this gada system. The system rotates every eight years to allow each class assume power in the middle of the life course the sixth grade called gada luba.
The dispute resolution process blen mamo diriba student of law at hawassa university school of law preface. An example of classical african civilization by asafa jalata, ph. The origins of the borana gada system discover what advantages such systems could have over the ordinary agegrading systems which clearly preceded them. The oromo recognized the gada system as part of their cultural heritage and as a contemporary system of governance that functions in concert with the modern state system. Geographically, adoolaa and annaa sorraa areas have significant implications in the history and culture of guji oromo, because adoolaa is believed to be a center of origin for guji, whereas annaa sorraa district, particularly mee bokko, has been serving as a center for gada system of guji oromo jemjem. Among these were the gibe region kingdoms of kaffa, gera, gomma, garo, gumma, jimma, leeqanekemte and.
Nov 22, 2012 oromo culture and history such as gada system. Gada system, an indigenous democratic sociopolitical system of the. This is a text widget, which allows you to add text or html to your sidebar. The gadaa system is an indigenous egalitarian democratic system practiced among the oromo nation of east africa for the last six. The irreecha birra festival is celebrated in the month of september and irreecha arfaasaa in the. It is also practiced by the konso and gedeo people of southern ethiopia. The gada system is an allinclusive social system in which every member of the society has specified roles and duties during ones life course. Gada and oromo democracy best system created and exercised by oromo by anwar kalil 29 12 2016 uploaded.
The system has long been practiced by the borena, guji, karayu, tulama, arsi, ittu, humbana, afran. Nov 18, 2018 he is president of the gada council established recently at bishoftu to promote the gada system, realize good governance and ensure peace and stability of the oromo people. The system regulates political, economic, social and religious activities of the community dealing with issues such as conflict resolution, reparation and protecting womens rights. This paper was presented at oromo study association osa annual conference at the.
The gada system of the oromo people is a system of governance in which people are grouped and organized into five gada grades or strata and govern themselves in rounds. Gada theory and practices by geremew nigatu kassa, m. Political maps indicating africa, ethiopia and oromia regional state xi. Even the governing agencies of the oromiya regional government derive from the traditional institutions of the gada system gada egalitarian ethos and communal solidarity. Oromia, ethiopia, oromo boranaarsiguji, afroasiatic 1. Pdf the oromo, gadaasiqqee democracy and the liberation of. Oromos also had a number of independent kingdoms, which they shared with the sidama people. The gada system is an allinclusive social system in which every member of the society.
Special emphasis is given to the gadaa system of borana oromo. The purpose of this paper is to make known historical development of written afaan oromo to 1900. Asafa jalata the oromo movement is engaging in struggle to empower the oromo people in order to. Early history of written oromo language up to 1900 tesfaye tolessa department of history and heritage management, college of social sciences, wollega university, post box no. This paper explores the potential role of the gadaasiqqee system of oromo democracy in the development of a democratic multinational liberation movement of the colonized nations within the. They also say investigating oromo society without considering the gadaa system is merely like a man walking without a skeleton. The structural complexities of the boran gada system have been and still officiated as follows.
Professor asmerom legesse, the pioneer of gadaa studies kichuu. Nov 30, 2016 gada is organized into five classes taught by oral historians, with each having to progress through a series of grades before it can take the leadership. Oromoo are a cushitic ethnic group and nation native to ethiopia who speak the oromo language. This paper explores the potential role of the gadaasiqqee system of oromo. The oromo kinship system has been based on a biological and social descent. Interview with birhanemeskel abebe segni part part 2 amharic duration. Pdf this paper explores the potential role of the gadaasiqqee system of oromo democracy in the development of a democratic multinational. Ethiopian gada system pdf electronica gambino electronica. Kaawoo gadaa national gadaa assembly of oromia anaa 8 konyaa 10 finfinnee, oromia email. The gadaa research centre is an interdisciplinary research and advocacy program, hosted by the advocacy for oromia within the club of research and knowledge advancement. Dismemberment and renaissance according to gadaa chronology, there are two major.
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